Elements that are not noble gases are unstable. They form ions to become stable by losing or gaining electrons to have an electron arrangement like a noble gas. Consult your text p.188-191 for help. The handout that you can download from the chemistry unit page is called "forming ions".
Homework: Note the summary on p.191. Answer p.191 #1-3, 5-8.
Homework: Note the summary on p.191. Answer p.191 #1-3, 5-8.